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Explain The Different Generations Of Processors Using In Personal Computers.
Question
Introduction
The personal computer is a machine that allows you to access, store, and manipulate data. It can be used on your own or allow multiple people to use it at the same time. The personal computer has gone through many generations of development. In this essay we will look at each generation and explain the differences between them using an example of a processor in a personal computer
Generation 1
The first generation of processors was introduced in 1971. These processors were based on the Von Neumann architecture, which uses a single core and is not very efficient.
Generation 2
Generation 2 was introduced in 1995 and used RISC technology. A 32-bit architecture was used, along with superscalar architecture and the Pentium brand name.
The second generation of processors had a few big changes from their predecessors: they were smaller, faster, cheaper to produce and had more features than previous chips.
Generation 3
The 3rd generation of processors was released in 1996. The Intel Pentium II and AMD K6-2 and K6-3 were the first to use the new Socket 7 system.
Generation 4
The fourth generation of processors was introduced in the mid-1990s, and it was the first to use a more efficient manufacturing process, known as CMOS. The fourth-generation CPU chip allowed for better performance and lower power consumption than previous generations of chips.
Generation 5-7
Generation 5-7 processors are 64-bit processors. They can be used to run 64-bit operating systems and applications.
Generation 5-7 processors are backwards compatible with Generations 1 through 4, but they may not run all programs designed for earlier generations of processors.
The main advantage of using a Generation 5-7 processor is that they are faster than the previous generation (Generation 4) and also have more cache memory than earlier generations did.
Takeaway:
Generation 1: The first generation of processors, which includes the Intel 8088 and Motorola 68000, was built using large-scale integration (LSI) technology. It was also called “microprocessor.” These chips were designed to be used in personal computers that had no graphics capability or color display.
Generation 2: This generation introduced pipelining (or parallel processing) and superscalar execution techniques. It was also known as “supercomputers” because it could do more work faster than any other computer before it–and at a fraction of their cost!
Answers ( 6 )
You’ve probably heard of the terms “Baby Boomer,” “Generation X,” and “Millennial.” These are all different generations or groups of people who were born at a certain time and experienced similar things as they grew up. However, what most people don’t realize is that these generations aren’t just limited to human beings. They can also be applied to computer processors! In this article, we’ll take a look at some of these processor generations and see how they compare with each other in terms of power, popularity among consumers and manufactures alike, and more:
Intel 4004:
The Intel 4004 was the first commercially available microprocessor. Designed by Federico Faggin, Masatoshi Shima, and Stan Mazor at Intel in 1971, it was used in the Busicom 141-PF calculator.
Intel 8008:
The Intel 8008 was the first microprocessor, which is a single chip that can be used as an entire computer on its own. The microprocessor was developed by Ted Hoff and Federico Faggin in 1970 at Intel. It was used for the MITS Altair 8800, one of the first personal computers built by Bill Gates and Paul Allen.
The Intel 8008 had a 4-bit CPU with 2KB of ROM memory (a ROM is a read-only memory chip that holds software instructions). It could only run at 1MHz and had 6 pins on its sockets – one pin per bit!
Intel 8080:
The Intel 8080 was the first commercially available microprocessor, and released in 1974. It was an 8-bit microprocessor that could run at clock speeds of up to 2 MHz (megahertz). The 4004 was a 4-bit processor, whereas the 8008 was a bit larger at 8 bits. The 8008 could only run at 0.3 MHz, so it wasn’t very powerful. However, the Intel 8080 made huge improvements on both processors in terms of raw power and speed while still being able to be used with existing hardware that had been built for previous processors!
Intel 8085:
Intel 8085:
Intel 8085 is a 16-bit microprocessor with a 20-bit address bus and 20-bit data bus. The 8085 was the first commercial microprocess to use silicon gate technology and was released in 1978. The Intel 8080 was the first 8 bit microprocessor, introduced in 1974 but it did not use silicon gate technology; instead MOSFET transistors were used for circuit design.
Zilog Z80:
The Zilog Z80 processor was a microprocessor used in personal computers. It was designed by Zilog and was used in many computers, including the first IBM PC, the Apple II, and Commodore 64.
Motorola 6800:
The Motorola 6800 was the first 8-bit microprocessor. It was designed by a team led by Bill Mensch at the Western Design Center, who worked closely with Steve Wozniak to develop it for use in the Apple II personal computer. The chip set had an 8-bit data bus and an 8-bit address bus, which were unusual at that time. It was introduced in 1975 and used in many early personal computers such as Commodore PETs and Apples until they were replaced by 16-bit processors such as the 6502
Motorola 6809E:
The Motorola 6809E is a microprocessor introduced in 1980 by Motorola. It was an improved version of the popular 6800 and was used for many embedded applications such as arcade games, traffic lights and vending machines. The 16-bit architecture meant that it could address up to 64KB of memory (4 times more than its predecessor), which made it ideal for everything from computers with very little RAM to large mainframes like the Burroughs B3800 or Honeywell 8000 series systems.
Intel 80186/80188/80286/80386/80486 (IBM PC family):
The first generation of 32-bit processors, Intel’s 8086 and 8088 were 16-bit microprocessors designed for use in personal computers. The 80286 introduced an extended instruction set, while the 80386 added a flat memory model that allowed access to up to 4 GB of physical memory and protected mode operation. The 80486 was the first processor to be called a “Pentium” and was introduced in 1993. It offered performance improvements over previous generations through higher clock speeds, larger on-chip caches, efficient branch prediction and other enhancements.
Intel Pentium :
Intel Pentium 4
The Intel Pentium 4 was the first processor to have all of its cache built into the main processor. The original model had a Northwood core and ran at 1.13GHz with 1MB of L2 cache (512KB + 512KB). It introduced Hyper-Threading, which allowed it to create two threads in order to process more than one task at once. This made the CPU very efficient for multitasking, but it also brought some problems that would keep this CPU from being used in laptops for years after its release: power consumption was too high for battery life; heat production was too high for cooling systems; and clock speeds were not fast enough compared with AMD’s Athlon XP series (which were clocked roughly 20% higher). The Extreme Edition version released later included 3MB of L2 Cache and could be overclocked up to 2GHz without requiring any changes outside of raising voltages slightly higher than normal ranges. Eventually, AMD did win over many laptop users when they released their Turion 64 line that offered similar performance with better power consumption numbers than Intel’s offerings at that time
AMD K5/K6 :
The AMD K5 and AMD K6 are the first processors to use AMD’s Slot A design.
The K5 is a 32-bit processor with an instruction set similar to the Intel 80486. The K6 is a 64-bit processor with an instruction set similar to the Intel P6
AMD Athlon (K7) :
The processor includes a CPU and a graphics processing unit.
For example, the Intel Pentium is a 486 CPU with an improved architecture, while the AMD Athlon K7 is both faster and more powerful than its predecessor.
The first generation of computer was based on vacuum tube. The size of 1st generation computers was large and the computing speed was very slow. These computers consumed a lot of electricity and generated enough heat.
The second-generation computer was based on transistors. The size of 2nd generation computer became small as compared to previous generation computers, and the computing speed becomes fast as compared to first generation CPU.
In the third generation of computer IC (integrated circuit) were uses in place of transistors. Thus, the size of 3rd generation computers are smaller as compared to 2nd generation computers and the computing speed becomes even faster than 2nd generation computers.
In 4th generation computer VLSI (Very Large Scale Integration) technology was used which allowed more components than ever before to be produced on a single silicon chip i.e a microprocessor. Thus, the size of 4th generation computers was smaller than 3rd Generation CPU and computing speed becomes more faster than 3rd Generation CPUs.
The first generation of computer was based on vacuum tube. The size of 1st generation computers was large and the computing speed was very slow. These computers consumed a lot of electricity and generated enough heat.
In the first generation of computers, vacuum tube played an important role. The size of 1st generation computers was large and the computing speed was very slow. These computers consumed a lot of electricity and generated enough heat.
The second-generation computer was based on transistors. The size of 2nd generation computer became small as compared to previous generation computers, and the computing speed becomes fast as compared to first generation CPU.
Second-generation computers were based on transistors. Transistors were invented by John Bardeen, Walter Brattain and William Shockley in 1947. Transistors are smaller and more efficient than vacuum tubes. They replaced vacuum tubes as the main components of computers, which made 2nd generation computers smaller and more efficient than those of 1st generation CPU.
In the third generation of computer IC (integrated circuit) were uses in place of transistors. Thus, the size of 3rd generation computers are smaller as compared to 2nd generation computers and the computing speed becomes even faster than 2nd generation computers.
In the third generation of computer IC (integrated circuit) were uses in place of transistors. Thus, the size of 3rd generation computers are smaller as compared to 2nd generation computers and the computing speed becomes even faster than 2nd generation computers.
3rd generation computers consume less power as compared to 2nd generation computers and due to this reason, these days desktop PCs are using 3rd gen CPUs instead of 4th gen CPUs because they are more powerful with less power consumption than 4th gen CPUs and it also helps to save money on electricity bills which is useful if you live in countries such as India or USA where electricity bills are very high.
In 4th generation computer VLSI (Very Large Scale Integration) technology was used which allowed more components than ever before to be produced on a single silicon chip i.e a microprocessor. Thus, the size of 4th generation computers was smaller than 3rd Generation CPU and computing speed becomes more faster than 3rd Generation CPUs.
VLSI (Very Large Scale Integration) technology was used which allowed more components than ever before to be produced on a single silicon chip i.e a microprocessor. Thus, the size of 4th generation computers was smaller than 3rd Generation CPU and computing speed becomes more faster than 3rd Generation CPUs.
Fifth Generation Computers are still in experimental stage but it will use ULSI (Ultra Large Scale Integration) chips which will have higher processor speed and storage capacity than any other fourth Generation Computers. It is expected that 5th Generation Computers will use artificial intelligence like robots, expert systems, speech recognition etc., which we have seen science fiction movies like RoboCop
Fifth Generation Computers are still in experimental stage but it will use ULSI (Ultra Large Scale Integration) chips which will have higher processor speed and storage capacity than any other fourth Generation Computers. It is expected that 5th Generation Computers will use artificial intelligence like robots, expert systems, speech recognition etc., which we have seen science fiction movies like RoboCop
The first generation computers used vacuum tubes for logic and memory devices along with magnetic drum for storing data. These were large in size and very expensive to build. The second generation computers used transistors instead of vacuum tubes as well as integrated circuit technology thus making them smaller, faster and cheaper than first generation machines.
The takeaway is that the future of computer processor generations will be filled with life-like robots, expert systems and speech recognition.
Now, we have seen the different generations of processors used in personal computers. It is expected that 5th Generation Computers will use artificial intelligence like robots, expert systems, speech recognition etc., which we have seen science fiction movies like RoboCop.
The first personal computers were built using vacuum tube technology, which was developed between 1925 and 1930 by Lee De Forest. It was only after the invention of transistors that computers could be manufactured for personal use. The first generation of computers used transistors as its CPU, but later on integrated circuits became popular in order to make them cheaper and more portable. In the 1980s microprocessors were introduced in order to make PCs more powerful than ever before. Nowadays there are fifth generation computers being created with artificial intelligence capabilities and even robotic technology!
“First Generation” of processors were the first to be built.
The first generation of processors were built with vacuum tubes. Vacuum tubes were replaced with transistors, which were then replaced with integrated circuits (ICs). Integrated circuits are now being replaced with microprocessors.
“Second Generation” of computers used transistors instead of vacuum tubes.
Transistors are smaller and more efficient than vacuum tubes, with less moving parts. They’re easier to build, they can be made smaller than vacuum tubes, and the circuits containing transistors can fit in a much smaller space than those containing vacuum tubes.
“Third Generation” computers were built with integrated circuits.
Integrated circuits (ICs), also known as microchips, are the heart of most modern computers. They contain millions of transistors that enable them to perform complex functions. The first ICs used vacuum tubes, but they have since been replaced by semiconductor devices such as diodes and transistors. Semiconductors are significantly smaller than vacuum tubes, so they can be packed into a much smaller space—this is what allows for today’s tiny portable electronics like smartphones and laptops!
Semiconductors were first developed in the early 1950s at Bell Telephone Laboratories when John Bardeen, Walter Brattain and William Shockley developed a new way to apply electricity to silicon crystals using germanium as an electrical conductor instead of silver or gold (which were commonly used). By applying different voltages across this material while heating it up with a laser beam they were able to create both positive or negative charges within this material depending on how much current flowed through it at any given moment; all without requiring any additional equipment besides an ordinary light bulb!
“Fourth Generation” of computers were built with microprocessors as its CPU.
Microprocessors are the most common type of CPU, and they’re found in everything from cars to coffee makers. They use integrated circuits (ICs) to perform calculations and control other components in a computer system. The term “microprocessor” comes from their size: these small chips are about 1/10th the size of a dime.
To understand how microprocessors work, you should know that there are three parts to any computer system: the input device(s), memory storage devices and output devices such as monitors or speakers. A microprocessor controls all these different components by sending signals through wires called buses that connect it with memory storage devices and output devices like monitors or speakers.
“Fifth Generation” computers are made with artificial intelligence and robotics.
When you think of “Fifth Generation” computers, what comes to mind? If it is anything like what I was thinking when I first heard the term, then you probably imagine a computer that can think and act like humans. In reality, fifth generation computers are made with artificial intelligence (AI) and robotics. AI refers to machines that are capable of learning from their mistakes or experiences, which allows them to make decisions on their own without having to be programmed.
Though some people might think this is impossible, there are many examples of working AI today. For instance:
There are different generations of processors used in personal computers.
You may have heard of the term “generations” when it comes to computer processors. This is because there are different generations of processors used in personal computers.
First generation processors were built using vacuum tubes, second generation processors used transistors, third generation processors used integrated circuits (ICs) and fourth generation processors used microprocessors or CPUs. Fifth generation software uses artificial intelligence and robotics to carry out tasks instead of humans doing them manually.
In conclusion, we can see that there are different generations of processors and there is a need for new ones as well because these computers do not satisfy all our needs. We cannot keep on using them forever if we want to upgrade our technology or just get better performing PCs.
A microprocessor is a chip-based computer central processing unit (CPU) that processes data in a digital way. It uses logic circuits which consist of transistors instead of vacuum tubes. The first generation computers used vacuum tubes in their circuits and they were bulky and large systems because of which they required cooling by using air conditioners. IBM 1620 was one of the first generation computers produced by IBM Corporation in 1959 for scientific applications, but later it also started being used for business purposes as well. These systems had limited memory capacity and were not very fast as compared to today’s computers since they had slow speed oscillators which produced only one pulse per second (1 Hz).
Microprocessor is the heart of the computer and controls all the activities of the computer like arithmetic and logic operations, input output operations, memory and data transfer activities. The functioning of a microprocessor depends on its instruction set, control bus, address bus, data bus etc.
The evolution of microprocessors is divided into four different generations.
The first generation of microprocessors were introduced in 1971, by Intel Corporation. These processors had a large number of transistors that could perform only simple arithmetic and logic operations but were fast enough for most applications at the time. These processors were also known as Complex Instruction Set Computer (CISC) because they required more instructions to execute a single instruction on the whole computer than Reduced Instruction Set Computer (RISC). Most computers used in this era were using First Generation Processors such as Intel 4004 and Motorola 6800, which are still considered to be very powerful for their time because of their ability to execute multiple instructions simultaneously unlike Second Generation Processors like Zilog Z80 which can execute only one instruction at a time but does this faster than First Generation Processors
The first generation computers used vacuum tubes in their circuits. Due to the use of vacuum tubes these systems were very large and bulky. These computers generated a lot of heat because of which they had to be cooled by using air conditioners. IBM 1620 was one of the first generation computers.
Second generation computers used transistors instead of vacuum tubes in their circuits. Smaller in size and faster than first generation computers they had cooling fans instead of air conditioners to cool down the system.
Third generation computers used integrated circuits (ICs) in them instead of transistors. Integrated circuit replaced hundreds or thousands of discrete devices on a microchips. It reduced the size a lot and provided faster speed as compared to second generation microprocessors. It also produces less heat due to its small size so fans could be used for cooling purposes instead of air conditioners.
With the development of third generation microprocessors, integrated circuits replaced transistors. Integrated circuits are smaller than transistors and can be manufactured on a single silicon chip called a microchip. They also provide faster speed than second generation microprocessors because they process information in smaller steps, which means that each step is faster than before.
Moreover, these chips require less power as compared to previous generations as they do not need any external cooling mechanism like fans or air conditioners for cooling purposes; instead they use heat sinks for cooling purpose but again it does not produce more heat due to their small size so there is no need for an extra fan or other such devices which consume much more power than necessary because of their efficiency at dissipating heat from inside computers quickly through their surface area with passage of time making them hot enough to melt down if left unattended or unmonitored while running/operating continuously which could result in complete destruction of your expensive hardware equipment leaving behind nothing but ashes where once stood proud towers filled with valuable data worth millions upon millions dollars depending upon what kind of data was stored on them before crash (if any).
Microprocessors are the heart of any computer. It controls all operations which take place inside the computer like arithmetic and logic operations, input output operations, memory and data transfer activities. The functioning of a microprocessor depends on its instruction set, control bus, address bus, data bus etc.
The first-generation microprocessor was the Intel 4004. The 4004 was a 4-bit chip that ran at 108 kHz, which means it could process roughly 41,000 instructions per second (or IPC). The 4004 had 17 transistors and ran on 2.5 volts of power with a 0.8 µm die size (which meant it could fit on a fingernail!). Since its debut in 1971, we have seen many generations of processors come and go—each one faster than the last. Here’s an overview of these generations:
40 years ago, on November 15, 1971, Intel released the world’s first commercial microprocessor. The 4004 was developed to power a small, hand-held calculator
40 years ago, on November 15, 1971, Intel released the world’s first commercial microprocessor. The 4004 was developed to power a small, hand-held calculator.
This chip came to be called a microprocessor because it integrated all the separate components of an entire computer into one tiny package — all of the memory and logic circuits that would usually require separate chips were included on this one tiny piece of silicon. The result was far more energy efficient and less expensive than any other computing technology at that time.
The 4004 was the first chip in a long line of processors that have become ubiquitous in modern life: they’ve powered everything from desktop PCs to smartphones to refrigerators (yes!). They are responsible for many innovations including multitasking operating systems such as Windows or Mac OS X; graphical user interfaces like Windows 95 and Mac OS X; word processing programs like Microsoft Word; spreadsheets like Excel; email applications like Outlook Express; internet browsers like Internet Explorer 7 or Firefox 3 (or Chrome 9 if you’re on our team); video games such as Grand Theft Auto IV (or Portal 2 if you’re on our team).
The processor we remember most fondly, the 286. It was a significant upgrade over the 8086, but it still made use of 16-bit instructions and registers
The 286 was the first 16-bit CPU, but it still made use of 16-bit instructions and registers. It was faster than the 8086, but still not as fast as would have been possible with 32-bit instruction size. The 286 had a 24-bit address bus which would have allowed for a theoretical maximum physical memory capacity of 1 gigabyte (1024 MB). This was an increase over the 8086’s 20 bit address bus limit (1 MB).
The 286 supported 32 bit data accesses into memory, however it did not provide any support for accessing 64 bit floating point numbers directly in hardware. Instead these were accessed by breaking them down into two 32 bit values.
The 386 was the first Intel CPU with 75% more transistors than its predecessor. It ran at 26 MHz (compared to 12.5 MHz for the 386) and introduced the 32-bit instruction set and 32-bit registers
The 386 was the first Intel CPU with 75% more transistors than its predecessor. It ran at 26 MHz (compared to 12.5 MHz for the 386) and introduced the 32-bit instruction set and 32-bit registers, which allowed faster access to memory. The 386 also introduced protected mode operations that allowed multiple tasks to run simultaneously on one computer system, resulting in multitasking operating systems such as Windows NT.
The 486 chip was Intel’s first CPU that could be used without an external 8- or 16-bit processor as its core. This meant that you no longer had to boot your system using an add-on processor (8088 or 80286) and then switch over to your shiny new 486
The 486 chip was Intel’s first CPU that could be used without an external 8- or 16-bit processor as its core. This meant that you no longer had to boot your system using an add-on processor (8088 or 80286) and then switch over to your shiny new 486.
The 486 chip was Intel’s first CPU with 75% more transistors than its predecessor and ran at 26 MHz (compared to 12.5 MHz for the 386). It introduced the 32-bit instruction set and 32-bit registers, as well as three new instructions: LOCK, REP/REPZ, and STOSB. As well as being able to address larger amounts of memory than previously possible, this allowed it perform tasks at a much faster rate than before; games were no longer limited by their ability to access data fast enough!
Pentium arrived in 1993. It offered twice the performance of its predecessor, a 3x increase in transistor count (3.1 million), and a significantly larger cache memory size of 8 KB
The Pentium arrived in 1993. It offered twice the performance of its predecessor, a 3x increase in transistor count (3.1 million), and a significantly larger cache memory size of 8 KB.
The Pentium’s 486 only had 15-30 KB of cache, so this was a nice upgrade for many users who wanted more speed out of their processors. However, there were some drawbacks: The new processor ran at 6x clock speed with an instruction set that used 32-bit registers instead of 16-bit registers like the 386 or 486 used before it; this meant that software needed to be rewritten for use with these newer chips—and if you didn’t have new software running on your computer at this time then you wouldn’t see much benefit from upgrading because it could mean slower overall performance than what you already had!
Dual core processor does not mean two processors in one package. Essentially, these are two processors built onto one die which share the same packaging material
Dual core processors do not mean two processors in one package.
Dual core is a marketing term that means there are two physical cores on the same die, but they share the same packaging material. This can be compared to two people driving in one car – they don’t have their own cars, but they share a ride. They also share fuel and maintenance costs, which makes them more expensive than quad-core or multi-core processors. However, dual cores tend to be faster than their quad core counterparts because they can use Hyper Threading technology (explained below).
Quad core refers to a CPU that includes four independent actual processors which are known as cores in CPU speak. Quad core processing is mainly used by enthusiasts who do lots of multi-tasking
Quad core refers to a CPU that includes four independent actual processors which are known as cores in CPU speak. Quad core processing is mainly used by enthusiasts who do lots of multi-tasking and often have many applications running simultaneously. These users will benefit from the increased speed of their computers, as well as the ability to run more applications at once without slowing down the computer or experiencing any lag.
Quad core CPUs are available at all price points, but if you want one, you can expect to spend anywhere from $100-$500 on top of your current system’s price tag (or even more).
The most important thing to take away from this is that you need to know what’s in your CPU before you buy it. If you don’t know what generation of processor it is or how many cores are present in it, then there’s a good chance you’re going to get something that isn’t powerful enough for what you want to do with it.
The first microprocessor, the Intel 4004, was designed in 1971. Since then, there have been several generations of microprocessors that have evolved over time to be faster and more energy efficient than their predecessors. These improvements are made possible by continuing advancements in semiconductor manufacturing technology.
Intel 4004
The Intel 4004 is the first microprocessor. It was made in 1971 and it’s a 4-bit CPU with a clock speed of 108 kHz. The 4004 was used in the first calculators, but today it has been replaced with more modern processors such as the Intel Core i7 and AMD Ryzen 7 2700X.
Intel 8008
Intel 8008 was a microprocessor developed by Intel in 1971. It was the first commercially available 8-bit microprocessor. The chip had 6000 transistors and operated at 4 MHz frequency. The Intel 8008 was based on the Intel 8007, which was a 4-bit CPU.
Takeaway:
The takeaway of this article is that there are a lot of different processors on the market. You should get familiar with them so that you can make an informed choice when purchasing a new processor.
In conclusion, we can say that the rise of personal computers has been an interesting one. The first generation of processors was very slow, but it paved the way for more powerful computers in later years. The second generation introduced many new features that made it easier to use while still being able to do some pretty intense tasks on your computer such as playing games or doing work at home. We hope this article helped you understand what each generation means when shopping around for a new computer!